Aortic Insufficiency Caused by a Leaflet Tearing of the Medtronic Freestyle Stentless Aortic Bioprosthesis Complicated by Rheumatic Multivalvular Heart Disease / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

<p>We report a case of an 85-year-old woman with severe aortic insufficiency caused by structural valve deterioration (SVD) of Medtronic Freestyle stentless aortic bioprosthesis (Freestyle valve) complicated by rheumatic multivalvular heart disease. The patient received an aortic valve replacement by using the modified sub-coronary method with a 21 mm Freestyle stentless porcine valve (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA), for severe aortic valve stenosis at of the age of 71. The patient developed severe heart failure 14.5 years after the surgery. She was admitted for severe aortic insufficiency caused by a leaflet injury (tear) of the Freestyle valve. She also had had rheumatic mitral stenosis and secondary tricuspid insufficiency with severe pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, treating her heart failure was difficult, but surgery was performed. The leaflets of the stentless bioprosthesis were resected. The insertion of the needle suture into the annulus of the stentless valve was difficult because of calcification of the tissue. An aortic root enlargement procedure was performed using a bovine pericardial patch, enabling the insertion of the needle suture into the Dacron cloth at the bottom of the stentless valve, with 2-0 Ethibond threads and single sutures. We successfully performed an aortic valve re-replacement using an Open Pivot Mechanical Heart Valve (OPHV) 16 mm AP (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA), which was implanted by using the partial valve-in-valve technique. Simultaneously, mitral valve commissurotomy and tricuspid annuloplasty were performed. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery.</p>

A Case of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Accompanied with Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction (LVOTO) after Mitral Valve Replacement (MVR) for Combined Valvular Disease with Sigmoid Septum / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

<p>The onset mechanism of takotsubo cardiomyopathy is unkown. The reported cases of takotsubo cardiomyopathy that happened after cardiac surgical operation were very few. We describe one case of takotsubo cardiomyopathy with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) that occurred after having undergone mitral valve replacement (MVR) for combined valvular disease. The patient was an 82-year-old woman who was hospitalized with congestive heart failure in our hospital. She had diagnosis of rheumatic valvular disease (i.e. severe mitral regurgitation and mild mitral stenosis, secondary tricuspid regurgitation), atrial fibrillation and pulmonary hypertension. She had a sigmoid septum pointed out by cardiac ultrasonography. Preoperative coronary angiography was normal. After general anesthesia induction, bradycardia and hypotension developed. Therefore epinephrine and norepinephrine were administered. The rheumatic mitral valve was replaced using a 27 mm-size mitral pericardial bioprosthesis, preserving the posterior mitral leaflet. DeVega tricuspid annuloplasty and maze surgery were also performed at the same time. We did not recognize wall motion abnormalities by the transesophageal echocardiographic examination during the operation. On postoperative day 1, she was extubated and became hypotensive immediately. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was diagnosed from characteristic views (an apical ballooning and a preserved basal contraction of the left ventricle) by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). This echocardiogram showed also LVOTO of pressure gradient 38 mmHg. Blood transfusion and discontinuation of epinephrine infusion improved LVOTO. TTE showed a gradual recovery of the left ventricle to normal systolic function, on postoperative day 34. The postoperative coronary angiogram was normal. We presumed that LVOTO was important in the onset and severity of takotsubo cardiomyopathy. In this report, we showed also the pathological significance of the sigmoid septum.</p>

One Stage Surgery in an Elderly Patient with Aortic Coarctation and Heart Disease / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

A 78-year-old woman had been undergoing medical treatment for hypertension since she delivered a son in her early twenties. Three months previously, she was admitted with heart failure. She had felt leg fatigue for a long time, and the pressure gradient between the upper and lower limbs was about 60 mmHg. On further examinations, she was found to have an atrial septal defect (ASD), tricuspid valve regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, and severe coarctation of the aorta (CoA) with well-developed collateral arteries. We performed ASD closure, tricuspid annuloplasty with a flexible ring, left atrial maze operation and extra-anatomic bypass from the ascending to the abdominal aorta through a median sternotomy and upper median laparotomy. She had no postoperative complications and the pressure gradient between the upper and lower limbs improved remarkably postoperatively. It is rare for a patient over 70 years old who for the first time was given a diagnosis of CoA and ASD with other heart disease and who underwent surgical correction. We think one stage surgery with extra-anatomic bypass from the ascending to the abdominal aorta is a safe and effective technique for patients suffering CoA with heart disease.